4.1-CI、CD

Create by fall on 23 Jun 2023
Recently revised in 25 Feb 2025

Gitlab

gitlab CI/CD

一次代码提交，触发自动化流程

阶段

阶段（stage）

• build 编译构建
• test 运行测试
• deplog 部署到目标环境

作业

执行的命令，最小单位

文件

.gitlab-ci.yml 用于

# 定义阶段执行顺序
stages:
  - test
  - build
  - deploy

# 变量定义
variables:
  NODE_VERSION: "18"

# 作业1：代码测试
unit_tests:
  stage: test
  script:
    - npm install
    - npm run test:unit
  only:
    - main
    - develop

# 作业2：构建项目
build_project:
  stage: build
  script:
    - npm run build
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - dist/
  dependencies: []

# 作业3：部署到生产环境
deploy_production:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - npm install -g firebase-tools
    - firebase deploy --token $FIREBASE_TOKEN
  only:
    - main
  when: manual  # 手动触发

定义触发条件

# 基于分支的触发规则
rules:
  - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
  - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "develop"

# 基于合并请求
only:
  - merge_requests
# 缓存（加速重复文件）
cache:
  key: ${CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG}
  paths:
    - node_modules/

示例

React 项目

image: node:18-alpine

stages:
  - install
  - lint
  - test
  - build
  - deploy

cache:
  key: ${CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG}
  paths:
    - node_modules/

before_script:
  - npm ci --cache .npm --prefer-offline

lint_code:
  stage: lint
  script:
    - npm run lint

unit_tests:
  stage: test
  script:
    - npm run test:unit

build_project:
  stage: build
  script:
    - npm run build
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - dist/
    expire_in: 1 week

deploy_to_pages:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - cp -r dist/ public/
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - public
  only:
    - main
# 错误处理
on_failure:
  script:
    - echo "Pipeline failed!"
    - send-slack-notification.sh

参考文章

名称	链接
官方文档	https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/wsl/install